ASBMB.org - Scientists have found new evidence that using more fish oil than vegetable oil in the diet decreases the formation of chemicals called prostanoids, which, when produced in excess, increase inflammation in various tissues and organs. asbmb.org -科学家发现新的证据显示，使用更鱼油比植物油饮食跌幅形成化学名为前列腺体，而当产生过量，增加炎症的各种组织和器官。 The results, by William L. Smith, Professor and Chair of Biological Chemistry at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, and colleagues, help us understand why omega-3s from fish oil can improve our health, and may help in designing new anti-inflammatory drugs with fewer side effects than the ones currently available.结果，由草威廉史密斯教授，并主持生物化学在密歇根大学安阿伯和同事们，帮助我们理解为什么欧米茄三分鱼油可以提高我们的健康，并可能有助于设计新的反发炎药物副作用比目前的统计数字。

“Prostanoids help control blood pressure, fight allergies, and modulate inflammation, but too much of them - especially those made from vegetable oils - can also lead to increased pain, swelling, and redness in various tissues,” Smith says. "前列腺有助于控制血压，防治过敏体质，调节炎症反应，但过多的人-尤其是从植物油-也可以导致增加疼痛，肿胀和发红，在各组织中， "史密斯说。 “Our study shows that prostanoids made from fish oil are less effective at causing pain and swelling than those made from vegetable oil and that adding fish oil to the diet decreases the amount of prostanoids made from vegetable oil.” "我们的研究表明，前列腺制成鱼油效果较差时，造成疼痛和肿胀较制成植物油，并添加鱼油对饮食跌幅金额前列腺制成植物油" 。

The new study, to be published in the August 3, 2007 issue of the Journal of Biological Chemistry , was selected as a “Paper of the Week” by the journal’s editors, meaning that it belongs to the top one percent of papers reviewed in significance and overall importance.新的研究结果，将刊登在2007年8月3日发行的杂志上的化学生物学 ，被选定为"纸上的一周"杂志的编辑，这意味着它属于高层百分之一文件审查在意义和整体的重要性。 The title of the study is “Enzymes and Receptors of Prostaglandin Pathways with Arachidonic Acid vs Eicosapentaenoic Acid - Derived Substrates and Products” (eicosapentaenoic acid is abbreviated as EPA).该研究报告标题是"酶和受体前列腺通路与花生四烯酸与二十碳五烯酸-基板衍生产品" （二十碳五烯酸的简称为环保局） 。

Smith and colleagues looked at the mutual effects of both oils by changing their respective amounts in cultured cells.史密斯和同事看着相互影响双方油类改变各自数额在培养细胞。 As expected, a relative increase in fish oil lowered the amount of prostanoids from vegetable oil, although not always in the expected proportions.正如人们预料的，相对增加鱼油降低额前列腺植物油，但并不总是在预期比例。

Both fish and vegetable oils are converted into prostanoids through chemical reactions that are aided by enzymes called cyclo-oxygenases (COX), two types of which - COX-1 and COX-2 - are involved in the reactions.既鱼和植物油转换成前列腺通过化学反应，是辅助酶称为环加氧酶（ cox ）的，这两类-环氧酶1和环氧合酶- 2-参与反应。 The scientists showed that, in reactions involving COX-1, when more fish oil is present, it preferentially binds to COX-1, thus limiting vegetable oil’s access to this enzyme.科学家表明，在反应涉及考克斯- 1 ，当更多鱼油是目前，择优结合考克斯- 1 ，从而限制了菜油的获取这种酶。 But in reactions involving COX-2, increasing the amount of fish oil did not change the way it binds to COX-2, so a significant portion of vegetable oil was still converted to prostanoids.但在反应中，涉及环氧合酶-2 ，增加金额鱼油没有改变方式结合环氧合酶-2 ，使相当一部分植物油仍转为前列腺。

“This was completely unexpected,” Smith says. "这是完全意想不到的， "史密斯说。 “This new result shows that COX-2 does not ‘prefer’ fish oil to vegetable oil. "这一新的测试结果表明，环氧合酶-2不'喜欢'鱼油，以植物油。 Regardless of the amount of extra fish oil that we added, COX-2 still helped convert all the vegetable oil available.”不论数额外，鱼油，我们说，环氧合酶-2仍帮助把所有的植物油。 "

This finding reveals for the first time a limit to how the body naturally regulates levels of prostanoids produced by fish and vegetable oil.这一调查结果显示，对于首次限定如何人体自然调节水平产生前列腺鱼类和植物油。 If both oil types are present in the body, levels of prostanoids from fish oil will, in general, be higher than those coming from vegetable oil, but mechanisms such as the one involving COX-2 can counter this trend.如果双方对石油类是目前在体内水平前列腺鱼油会，一般要高于那些来自植物油，但这种机制作为一项涉及环氧合酶-2能对付这种趋势。

The researchers are now investigating why COX-1 and COX-2 act differently.研究人员现正调查为何考克斯-1和环氧合酶-2法不同。 One possibility is that since COX-2 has two binding sites, it can bind to both fish and vegetable oils.一种可能性是，由于环氧合酶-2有两个结合部位，它可以结合双方的鱼类和植物油。 When fish oil binds to one of the two sites, it may prepare the other site to bind more easily to vegetable oil, a process called allostery.当鱼油结合其中的两幅土地，它可能准备在其他地点的约束更容易植物油，过程叫allostery 。

Smith and his colleagues hope that by further investigating how prostanoids are regulated in the body, they can design potential drugs that bind to COX-2 and decrease levels of the vegetable oil prostanoids.史密斯和他的同事们希望通过进一步的调查，如何前列腺是监管机构，他们可以设计潜力的药物结合环氧合酶-2和减少层次的菜油前列腺。

“The drugs that are currently used to inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain, but they still have many side effects,” Smith says. "药物是目前用来抑制环氧酶1和环氧合酶-2提供救济，从症状炎症和疼痛，但他们仍然有许多副作用， "史密斯说。 “By better understanding how prostanoids work at the cellular level, we hope to find new ways to regulate inflammation and create better anti-inflammatory drugs.” Such research will also help nutritional scientists understand more about omega-3s and fatty acid balance in our diet, so that diet planning can be optimized for health (Courtesy of EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS). "更好地了解前列腺的工作，在细胞水平上，我们希望找到新的方法来调节炎症和创造更好的抗炎药" 。这些研究还将帮助科学家营养了解欧米茄3s与脂肪酸平衡的饮食，使饮食规划，可以优化卫生（礼貌风行！ ，服务促） 。