Newswise - Problem drinkers who took the craving-curbing drug nalmefene whenever they felt the desire to drink alcohol reported fewer heavy drinking days each month than drinkers who took a placebo pill, but both groups reported marked reductions in heavy drinking days.新闻-问题饮酒者代为渴求-遏制毒品纳每当他们感觉到欲望喝酒报少饮酒天每月比喝了安慰剂药丸，但两组报道明显减少饮酒天。 Nalmefene is not yet available in the United States; it is still considered investigational.纳仍未可在美国;它仍被认为是侦查。

Those findings come from a study of 403 heavy drinkers in Finland, who took either a placebo or the drug nalmefene on an “as needed basis.”这些结果来自一项研究403重型饮酒芬兰，报考或安慰剂或药物对纳"作为必要的基础" 。

“It has a robust and sustained effect in reducing harmful heavy drinking in a large study population,” said researcher Sakari Karhuvaara. "有一个稳健而持续的影响，在减少有害饮酒一大研究人口，说： "研究员4-57卡尔胡瓦拉。 “Alcohol problems have huge negative impacts on the well-being of individuals and families and cause enormous costs to society due to lost working days, accidents, treatment of alcohol-related disease, etcetera.” "酒精问题，有很大的负面影响，对个人的福祉和家庭造成巨大的社会代价，由于失去工作日内，事故处理酒精有关的疾病，等等" 。

The results of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of nalmefene appear in the July 2007 issue of Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research .此结果随机，双盲，安慰剂对照研究纳出现在2007年7月发行酒精中毒：临床与实验研究 。 The drug maker supported the new study.制药大厂支持新的研究。

Before the study, patients assigned to nalmefene treatment reported 15.5 average heavy drinking days each month.之前的研究，病人分配到治疗纳报15.5 ，平均饮酒天每月。 They were directed to take the drug whenever they felt a looming urge to drink.他们被指示采取药物时，他们感到了迫在眉睫的要求饮用。 During the first three months of treatment, the average number of heavy drinking days was 8.6 to 9.3 for the people in the nalmefene group.在首3个月治疗后，平均人数酗酒天为8.6至9.3 ，为人民在纳集团。

The drinkers assigned to the placebo group had somewhat less dramatic reductions.该饮酒分配到安慰剂组已稍为大幅度削减。 They averaged 16.2 heavy drinking days a month before the study and 10.6 to 12.0 during the trial.他们平均16.2酗酒天前一个月的研究和10.6至12.0审判期间。

Researchers double-checked participant-reported alcohol consumption changes with tests that measured alcohol-use biomarkers in the blood.研究者双核对参与者报酒精消费量变化与试验实测酒精使用标志在血液中。

In the United States, abstinence has been the traditional goal of the treatment of alcohol dependence, but in the last 20 years, there has been a movement to consider harm reduction or drinking reduction as an alternative goal to abstinence for some.在美国，禁欲了传统目标治疗酒精依赖，但在过去20年里，出现了一场运动来考虑减少危害或减少饮酒作为一种替代目标，以节欲为一些。 Traditional addiction specialists often consider the idea of reduced drinking to be a seductively dangerous idea that dovetails all-too-conveniently with the alcoholic’s renowned levels of denial.传统瘾专家往往考虑的想法减少饮酒是一个危险的诱惑观念接轨一切太方便与酒精的知名程度否认。

“Alcohol dependence is nowadays recognized as a chronic, recurring disorder where relapses almost inevitably occur during and after the treatment,” Karhuvaara said. "酒精依赖是当今公认的一种慢性，反复出现紊乱而复发几乎不可避免地发生期间及治疗后， "卡尔胡瓦拉说。 So focusing on harm reduction in the short term is often much more feasible than complete abstinence, he added.所以重点放在减少危害，在短期内往往是更为可行的，较完整的禁欲，他补充说。

Karhuvaara is a physician and health researcher who was once an employee of Biotie Therapies Corp., the manufacturer of nalmefene.卡尔胡瓦拉是一名医生和保健研究员曾任雇员biotie疗法公司，制造纳。

“There are fair amounts of good data (showing) that the more drinks you have a day, the more likely you are to have health or social consequences,” said alcohol researcher Raymond Anton. "有公平数额良好的数据（显示） ，饮料更多，你有一天，更可能是你有健康或社会后果，说： "酒精研究员锺安东。 “The thinking is that if you can reduce heavy drinking days or the number of drinks per drinking day, you might actually alleviate some suffering, even though you don’t cause the person to be abstinent.” "的想法是，如果你可以减少饮酒或天数每饮料喝一天，你实际上可能减轻一些痛苦，即使你没有事业的人可以戒断" 。

Not everyone who seeks alcohol treatment is ready to consider a lifetime without alcohol, so an abstinence goal can be seen as a barrier for some people considering help.不是每个人的目的酒精治疗是准备考虑一生无酒精，所以禁欲目标可以被看作是一个障碍，有些人在考虑帮助。 Many health professionals believe that a harm reduction approach can draw more people into treatment, said Anton, director of the Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs at the Medical University of South Carolina.许多卫生专业人员相信，减少伤害的方法可以借鉴更多的人加入到治疗，安东说，中心主任，药物和酒精节目在医疗南卡罗来纳大学。 Anton did not participate in the Finnish study, but he has conducted nalmefene research in the United States.安东没有参加在芬兰学习，但他已纳进行了研究，在美国。

The Finnish researchers note some side effects among people in the nalmefene group, including nausea, abdominal discomfort, as well as energy and sleep difficulties.芬兰研究者注意到一些副作用，人与人之间在纳集团，包括恶心，腹部不适等，以及能源和睡眠困难。 However, most study participants remained in the trial and continued using nalmefene.然而，多数研究参与者依然在审判，并继续使用纳。

I wish they’d done an analysis to see if the people who suffered those side effects were the same people who drank less.我希望他们i'd做一个分析，看看人民遭受这些副作用都是一样的人少喝酒。 Perhaps some of the reduction in drinking may have been because they didn’t feel so good, rather than because the drug just took away an urge to drink,” Anton said.也许有些减少饮酒可能已经因为他们没有感觉这么好，而不是因为药物只拿走一个促请喝酒， "安东说。

Patients must take most medications for alcohol treatment daily.患者必须采取药物大部分为酒精治疗一天。 Nalmefene - taken “as needed” - fits into the harm reduction treatment approach.纳-采取"视需要" -纳入减少伤害处理办法。

Karhuvaara said his study also suggests that “practically any doctor” could successfully administer nalmefene for problem alcohol drinking in a wide variety of medical settings.卡尔胡瓦拉说，他的研究还表明， "几乎任何医生"能成功管理纳为问题饮酒，在各种医疗设置。

“It is an attempt to get the drug out of the sole use of addiction specialists and into the hands of primary providers,” Anton said. "这是企图获取药物进行唯一使用成瘾专家落入首要提供商， "安东说。

Nalmefene is an opioid antagonist that works to block the effects of endorphins.纳属阿片拮抗剂工程阻挡作用内啡肽。 The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has not approved nalmefene for use in alcohol treatment; nalmefene is primarily available in investigational studies.美国食品和药物管理局已批准不纳用酒精治疗;纳主要是提供调查研究。